The rise of intellectual liberty from Thales to Copernicus - PDF by Frederic May Holland

The rise of intellectual liberty from Thales to Copernicus  Wishing to show how thought was set free and new truth brought to light, during ...

The rise of intellectual liberty from Thales to Copernicus 

Wishing to show how thought was set free and new truth brought to light, during the twenty-two hundred yl^rs from the age of Thales to that of Copernicus and Servetus, I have tried to collect the important facts, especially such as had not been stated in English, to arrange them in their his- toric relations, not yet fully delineated in any language, and then to let them tell their own story, without needless comment.

 I did not start with the intention of proving anything; and it was only when I was ready to write the last chapter, that I found myself justified in drawing the conclusions set forth. Authorities differ widely, especially about medieval his- tory, and dates of publication are often given incorrectly — that for instance of the Involuntary Servitude by La Boiitie being put in half-a-dozen different years by as many of the standard books of reference. 

Oversights are almost unavoidable in any comprehensive work, and I shall be grateful for help in correcting my own, but I trust I shall not be hastily charged with inaccuracy on account of not having followed a popular guide. I hope ere long to publish a continuation extending as far as the French Revolution.

Some contents:

Chapter I. Early Philosophy.

Introduction 1

I. The Buddha and other Prophets 1

II. The lonians 3

III. Persecution at Athens 7

IV. Socrates 16

V. Plato 24

VI. Other Disciples of Socrates 28

VII. Aristotle 33

VIII. Conclusion 35

Chapter II. The Conquest op Paganism during the last Three
Centuries, B. C.

Introduction 36

I. Pyrrho and the New Academy 36

II. The Stoics 38

III. Epicurus » 41

IV. Lucretius 51

V. Science 57

VI. Victory 59

Chapter III. Partially Successful Attempts at Reaction Dur-
ing THE First Two Hundred Years of the Roman
Empire.

I. The Policy of Augustus 61

II. Jesus 65

III. The Stoic Martyrs 70

IV. The Emancipation of Women 76

V. The New Testament 78

VI. The Early Christians 82

Ti. CONTENTS.

FAGK

VII. Reign of Liberal Paganism 85

VIII. Lucian ^\

IX. Conclusion ^^

Chapter IV. The Stjpprkssion op Free Thought and Establishment OF Christianity.

I. Tertullian 97

' II. The Alexandrians and their pupils, including Zenobia ... 101

III. The Decline of the Empire the Result of Despotism — lOti

IV. The Establishment of Christianity 109

V. Triumph of Bigotry 119

VI. General Survey of Classical Thought 133

Chapter V. Early Medieval Heresy.

I. Rationalists before A. D. 1,000 136

II. Berengar, Roscellin and the Catharists 131

III. Other Early Agitators 140

IV. Abelard and Heloise 144

V. Averroes and Maimonides 153

VI. Waldenses and Mystics 154

VII. Conclusion 158

Chapter VI. Suppression of Heresy, Dualism and Persecution
OF Mysticism and Scholarship in the Thirteenth
Century.

I. The Situation 163

II. The Crusade against Tolerance 164

III. The Destruction of Catharism by the Inquisition 169

IV. The Persecution of Mysticism 174

V. Satirists and Rationalists 178

VI. Royal and Popular Resistance to Oppression 185-

VII. Summary 196

Chapter VII. The Revolt of France and Germany in, the
Fourteenth Century.

I. The Situation 300

II. Philip and Boniface 201

III. The Templars 208

IV. Dolciuo 211

V. Dante 213

VI. The Mystics 330

VII. Louis of Bavaria 230

VIII. Other Opponents of the Papacy before 1360 233

IX. Summary 838. 

book details :

Author: Frederic May Holland,

Publication date 1885

Company: New York: H. Holt and Co.

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